Notesala

1. What is the main purpose of a DBMS?

Data storage

Data manipulation

Data security

All of the above

2. Which of the following is a DBMS software?

Python

Oracle

HTML

CSS

3. What does SQL stand for?

Simple Query Language

Structured Query Language

Secure Query Language

Server Query Language

4. Which of these is an example of a relational database?

XML

MongoDB

MySQL

JSON

5. What is a primary key?

Unique column

Column with duplicates

Column with nulls

Column storing large data

6. A foreign key in one table refers to:

A primary key in the same table

A primary key in another table

An index in another table

Any unique column

7. Which command is used to retrieve data in SQL?

INSERT

SELECT

UPDATE

DELETE

8. Which SQL command is used to remove records?

DELETE

REMOVE

ERASE

TRUNCATE

9. What is a schema in a database?

A data storage unit

A structure of tables

A database language

A database type

10. In SQL, which clause is used to filter records?

ORDER BY

GROUP BY

WHERE

HAVING

11. Which type of key can accept NULL values?

Primary key

Foreign key

Unique key

Candidate key

12. Which of the following is not a type of database model?

Hierarchical

Network

Flat file

Pyramidal

13. What is a transaction in a DBMS?

Single SQL command

Multiple operations

One data row

One table

14. Which property ensures transactions are completed fully or not at all?

Atomicity

Consistency

Isolation

Durability

15. What is normalization in a database?

Data encryption

Organizing data

Data storage

Data redundancy

16. Which form removes partial dependencies?

1NF

2NF

3NF

BCNF

17. What is a view in SQL?

Physical table

Virtual table

Data type

Key

18. Which SQL command adds new data to a table?

INSERT

DELETE

SELECT

UPDATE

19. What is the purpose of the JOIN operation?

Retrieve specific rows

Combine rows from tables

Delete rows

Update rows

20. Which type of join returns all records from the left table?

Right join

Left join

Inner join

Full join

21. In SQL, which function is used to count rows?

AVG

SUM

COUNT

MAX

22. What is the default sorting order in SQL?

Descending

Ascending

Random

Custom

23. Which SQL clause is used for sorting?

WHERE

ORDER BY

GROUP BY

FILTER

24. What is a trigger in a database?

Automated stored procedure

Data retrieval function

Row constraint

Table index

25. Which language is used for defining database schema?

DDL

DML

DCL

TCL

26. What does the SQL function SUM() do?

Adds up numeric values

Finds the average

Counts records

Finds max value

27. In DBMS, CRUD stands for:

Create, Read, Update, Delete

Create, Run, Update, Drop

Check, Read, Update, Drop

Create, Route, Update, Delete

28. Which SQL clause is used to group rows?

WHERE

ORDER BY

GROUP BY

SELECT

29. What does a composite key consist of?

Single column

Two or more columns

All columns

Foreign keys

30. Which of the following is not a DML command?

SELECT

INSERT

DELETE

CREATE

31. The ACID property related to transactions stands for:

Accuracy, Clarity, Isolation, Durability

Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

Availability, Consistency, Integrity, Dependency

Atomicity, Clarity, Integrity, Dependency

32. Which function retrieves the largest value in SQL?

MIN

MAX

COUNT

SUM

33. What is the main purpose of indexing?

Speed up queries

Encrypt data

Backup data

Filter records

34. What command is used to change data in SQL?

INSERT

UPDATE

DELETE

ALTER

35. A stored procedure is:

A precompiled query

A backup method

A view

A data constraint

36. Which database language is used to manage access privileges?

DDL

DML

DCL

TCL

37. Which join returns matching rows from both tables?

Left join

Right join

Inner join

Full join

38. The SQL statement DROP TABLE table_name will:

Create a table

Delete all rows

Delete a table

Update a table

39. What is the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE?

DELETE removes all records

TRUNCATE removes all rows without logging

DELETE is a DDL command

TRUNCATE is a DML command

40. Which type of database model is the most common?

Hierarchical

Network

Relational

Object-oriented

41. The GROUP BY statement is used with:

HAVING

ORDER BY

INSERT

WHERE

42. Which constraint enforces a unique value in a column?

FOREIGN KEY

CHECK

UNIQUE

DEFAULT

43. Which SQL clause filters grouped data?

WHERE

ORDER BY

GROUP BY

HAVING

44. What does ER stand for in databases?

Entity Relationship

Error Report

External Reference

Entity Record

45. What is the function of a database transaction log?

Stores the data backup

Logs all transactions

Only logs errors

Stores primary keys

46. Which command is used to change a table structure?

ALTER

MODIFY

UPDATE

INSERT

47. Which normal form removes transitive dependencies?

1NF

2NF

3NF

4NF

48. What is a relational database?

Table-based database

Hierarchical database

Network database

File-based database

49. A unique constraint:

Allows duplicate values

Does not allow null values

Ensures no duplicates

Is a primary key

50. Which command is used to retrieve data from a database?

SELECT

GET

FETCH

RETRIEVE

51. Which SQL command creates a new table?

INSERT

ADD

CREATE

UPDATE

52. Which aggregate function finds the minimum value?

MIN

MAX

AVG

COUNT

53. What does BCNF stand for?

Boyce-Codd Normal Form

Basic Column Normal Form

Base Class Normal Form

Binary Condition Normal Form

Unit 3: Web Technology II (12 Hours)

1. What is the main purpose of a DBMS?

2. Which of the following is a DBMS software?

3. What does SQL stand for?

4. Which of these is an example of a relational database?

5. What is a primary key?

6. A foreign key in one table refers to:

7. Which command is used to retrieve data in SQL?

8. Which SQL command is used to remove records?

9. What is a schema in a database?

10. In SQL, which clause is used to filter records?

11. Which type of key can accept NULL values?

12. Which of the following is not a type of database model?

13. What is a transaction in a DBMS?

14. Which property ensures transactions are completed fully or not at all?

15. What is normalization in a database?

16. Which form removes partial dependencies?

17. What is a view in SQL?

18. Which SQL command adds new data to a table?

19. What is the purpose of the JOIN operation?

20. Which type of join returns all records from the left table?

21. In SQL, which function is used to count rows?

22. What is the default sorting order in SQL?

23. Which SQL clause is used for sorting?

24. What is a trigger in a database?

25. Which language is used for defining database schema?

26. What does the SQL function SUM() do?

27. In DBMS, CRUD stands for:

28. Which SQL clause is used to group rows?

29. What does a composite key consist of?

30. Which of the following is not a DML command?

31. The ACID property related to transactions stands for:

32. Which function retrieves the largest value in SQL?

33. What is the main purpose of indexing?

34. What command is used to change data in SQL?

35. A stored procedure is:

36. Which database language is used to manage access privileges?

37. Which join returns matching rows from both tables?

38. The SQL statement DROP TABLE table_name will:

39. What is the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE?

40. Which type of database model is the most common?

41. The GROUP BY statement is used with:

42. Which constraint enforces a unique value in a column?

43. Which SQL clause filters grouped data?

44. What does ER stand for in databases?

45. What is the function of a database transaction log?

46. Which command is used to change a table structure?

47. Which normal form removes transitive dependencies?

48. What is a relational database?

49. A unique constraint:

50. Which command is used to retrieve data from a database?

51. Which SQL command creates a new table?

52. Which aggregate function finds the minimum value?

53. What does BCNF stand for?

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