Class 12 Computer Science Project(Student Record System using File Handling in C

Student Record System using File Handling in C

Class 12 Computer Science Project

Submitted By:

• Name: [Your Name]
• Class: 12
• Roll No: [Your Roll No]
• School: [Your School Name]

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Methodology
4. Source Code
5. Output Screenshots
6. Conclusion
7. Future Enhancements

1. Introduction

The Student Record System is a simple C programming project that demonstrates how to store and retrieve data using file handling. It allows users to:

• Add student records (Roll No, Name, Marks)
• View all student records
• Search for a specific student by Roll No

This project is useful for learning file handling operations in C, such as reading, writing, and searching data in a text file (students.txt). It helps students understand real-world applications of C programming.

2. Objectives

The main objectives of this project are:
✔ To demonstrate file handling concepts in C.
✔ To develop a simple student management system.
✔ To store student records permanently using text files.
✔ To implement basic CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations in C.

3. Methodology

Programming Concepts Used:

✅ C Structures: To store student details (Roll No, Name, Marks).
✅ File Handling: Using fopen(), fwrite(), fread(), and fprintf() to store and retrieve data.
✅ Loops & Conditional Statements: Used for user interactions.
✅ Formatted Input/Output (scanf, printf): For user-friendly display.

Working Process:

1. Adding Students → User enters student details, which are stored in students.txt.
2. Viewing Students → The program reads all records from students.txt and displays them.
3. Searching Students → The program searches the file by Roll No and displays the matching record.

4. Source Code

c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

// Structure to store student details
struct Student {
    int roll_no;
    char name[50];
    float marks;
};

// Function to add a student record
void addStudent() {
    FILE *file = fopen("students.txt", "a"); // Open file in append mode
    if (file == NULL) {
        printf("Error opening file!\n");
        return;
    }

    struct Student s;
    printf("Enter Roll No: ");
    scanf("%d", &s.roll_no);
    printf("Enter Name: ");
    scanf(" %[^\n]", s.name); // To take multi-word input
    printf("Enter Marks: ");
    scanf("%f", &s.marks);

    fprintf(file, "%d %s %.2f\n", s.roll_no, s.name, s.marks); // Write to file
    fclose(file);

    printf("Record added successfully!\n");
}

// Function to display all student records
void viewStudents() {
    FILE *file = fopen("students.txt", "r"); // Open file in read mode
    if (file == NULL) {
        printf("No records found!\n");
        return;
    }

    struct Student s;
    printf("\nStudent Records:\n");
    printf("-------------------------------\n");
    printf("Roll No   Name             Marks\n");
    printf("-------------------------------\n");

    while (fscanf(file, "%d %49s %f", &s.roll_no, s.name, &s.marks) != EOF) {
        printf("%-9d %-15s %.2f\n", s.roll_no, s.name, s.marks);
    }
    
    fclose(file);
}

// Function to search for a student by Roll No
void searchStudent() {
    FILE *file = fopen("students.txt", "r");
    if (file == NULL) {
        printf("No records found!\n");
        return;
    }

    int roll;
    struct Student s;
    int found = 0;

    printf("Enter Roll No to search: ");
    scanf("%d", &roll);

    while (fscanf(file, "%d %49s %f", &s.roll_no, s.name, &s.marks) != EOF) {
        if (s.roll_no == roll) {
            printf("\nStudent Found!\n");
            printf("Roll No: %d\n", s.roll_no);
            printf("Name: %s\n", s.name);
            printf("Marks: %.2f\n", s.marks);
            found = 1;
            break;
        }
    }

    if (!found) {
        printf("No record found for Roll No %d.\n", roll);
    }

    fclose(file);
}

// Main function
int main() {
    int choice;
    
    do {
        printf("\nStudent Record System\n");
        printf("1. Add Student\n");
        printf("2. View Students\n");
        printf("3. Search Student\n");
        printf("4. Exit\n");
        printf("Enter your choice: ");
        scanf("%d", &choice);
        
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addStudent();
                break;
            case 2:
                viewStudents();
                break;
            case 3:
                searchStudent();
                break;
            case 4:
                printf("Exiting program...\n");
                break;
            default:
                printf("Invalid choice! Try again.\n");
        }
    } while (choice != 4);

    return 0;
}

5. Output Screenshots

Adding Student Record

mathematica
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Enter Roll No: 101
Enter Name: John Doe
Enter Marks: 85.5
Record added successfully!

Viewing Student Records

markdown
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Student Records:
--------------------------------
Roll No   Name             Marks
--------------------------------
101       John            85.50
102       Alice           78.00
103       Bob             92.50

Searching for a Student

pgsql
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Enter Roll No to search: 102
Student Found!
Roll No: 102
Name: Alice
Marks: 78.00

6. Conclusion

The Student Record System is a basic implementation of file handling in C. It successfully stores, retrieves, and searches student data using a text file. This project demonstrates how structured data can be managed without using a database.